Orifice-type pressure-difference-creating device for flow meters



Oct. 27 C. F. BULLOCK ORIFICE TYPE PRESSURE DIFFERENCE CREATING DEVICEFOR FLOW METERS w// ill Filed Nov. 8, 1924 Invenoor. chofles F Bul lock,

4 His Aciorneg.

Fig.4.

Patented on. 27, 1925.

UNIT-ED STATES r 1,559,155, PAT

CHARLES F. BULLOCK, O1 SCHEHECTADY, YORK, ASSIGNOR "130 GENERAL ELEG-TRIC COMPAN'Y, A CORPORATION. .OF NEW YORK.

OBIFIE-TY PE PRESSURE-DIFFEEENGE-GREATING DEVICE FOR FLOW METERS.

' Application filed floatation-1,1924. Serial 1%. 74 8380.

T ball whom; it may concern:

Be itknown that I, CHARLES F. BULLooK, a citizen of the UnitedStates,,residing at Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady, State ofNew York, have invented certain -new and useful Improvements in-...Grifice- "Type PressureQDifferenceQCreating Devices for Flow Meters.of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to flow meters for measuring the flowoffluids through conduits and especially to orifice type pressuredifl'erence creating devices which, as is well known, are used inconnection with flow meters to create a pressure difl'erence' whichbears a definite relation to the rate of flow. By an orifice typepressure difi'erence creating device I mean a pressure differencecreating device-oi the type comprising a. uit

member which is inserted in the con through which the fluid flows andprovides an orifice or opening of less area than the area of the conduitwhereby there is a drop in pressure across it.

In many cases where the rate of flow is lou in a small pi in thepressure di erence creating device hecomesso smalljn order to producesufficient drop in pressure'through it, i. e., suificient pressuredifference for measuring the flow, that it is not practical cause of thegreat accuracy required in such a case. Furthermore, evenif it could bemanufactured with suflicient accuracy, the

thereto.

least scale or corrosion would afi'ect the orifice diameter to such anextent that the meter would be appreciably in error. With smalldiameterori cesthere is also danfizr' of stoppage due to scale or other mattercominglodge'd in the throat.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved. construction andarrangement y I am enabled to obtain in a pracmanner the desired drop inpressure where tica'l under the conditions above referred to, by

the usev of two or more orifices of larger size arranged in series, andfor a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention,"attention is directed to the accompanying description and the claimsappended 1 is a sectional view In the drawing,

erence creating device em- 'of a pressure di hodymg-my invention; Fig.illustrating the pressure drop through the e, the orifice or openingtomanufacture be- 2 1s a diagram device shown in Fig. 1. and F igs. 3 and4 are views similar: to Figs. 1 and 2 illusmetered flowsjand (Sand 7indicate pressure ENT cruel-3.1]

itrating another.construction and arrangement embqdylngniy JHVBIllZlOII.

difference creating devices ofthe orifice type locatedth-erein. Thedevices illustrated are of a known type usually termed a flow nozz le,such flow nozzles-being particularly disclosed in the patent to Dodge,1298,471. dated Mai-ctr 25. 1919. Referring to Fig. 2 of the drawing,the distance along the vertical line OX represents pressure drop acrossanorifice measured, for example. in inches of mercury deflection. Inother words. it represents P -P' where P is the prcssurein advance ofthe orifice as regards the direction of flow ancl P 'is the pressure atany point heyondthe orifice. Distances along, the horizontal line OYrepresent distances along conduit 5 'the scale being laid on in pipediameters, that is, in diauu-ters of the inside of conduit 5. The line Aindicate-s. the

value of P P. at points along conduit 5,.

just beyond flownozzlefi. Considering this lineit will be seen that thevalue -P -P is first constant for a'short distance as. indicated at b.zlo the value increases as rsindicated at c after which it fallsoflrapidly to a POi'ntd. The value then increasesslowly as indicated at cto apoint in the neighborhood of five ipe diameters down stream j'whenitag'air comes straight for a short distance as is indicated at f. Theraight portion f begins at about four and one half pipe diameters andterminates at about five and one half pipe diameters down stream fromthe flow nozzle; Following this. it then gradually increases again as isindicated at g.

The distance indicated at f provides a region of somelength where thepressure difierence is substantially constant and in.

"carrying out iny invention I take advantage second flow nozzle insecond flow nozzle I Just at the end of the flow noz'-.

nozzle 6 as is indicated at 8 and the trailing pressure pipe beyond flownozzle 7 as is indicated at 9. As is well understood, the two pipes 8and 9 lead to the indicating instrument of the How meter, whichinstrument is shown diagrammatically at 10. It may be of any suitablestructure. I may, of course. use more than two flow nozzles in series iffound desirable. as is obvious.

By locating the second flow nozzle in the region of the straight portionf of line A, that is, in the neighbor ood of five pipe diameters .downstream from the first flow nozzle, I obtain an important advantage froma practical standpoint in that I have a region of constant pressure thelocation of which can be readily found and which is of a lengthsuflicient to enable the fiowvnozzle to be readily located. As a result,the structure having been initially calibrated and its constantdetermined, can be installed and operated without special calibration.This, of course, is very important from a Exactical standpoint, forotherwise it would necessar to calibrate each flow meter after instalation.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have shown my invention in connection with an orificeof the plain disk t pe, 11 being the conduit through which the uid to bemetered flows, 12 and 13 being the two orifices correspondin to orifices6 and 7 of Fi 1, and 14 an 15 being the leading an trailing pipeconnections.

In Figs. 4, lines C and D are lines corres ondmg to the lines A and B inFig 2 an as will be seen from an ins ection of the drawing, line C has astraig t portion h corresponding to the straight portion f in Fig. 2 atwhich the orifice 12 is located.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I havedescribed the principle of operation of my invention, together withapparatuswhich I new consider to represent the best embodiment thereof,but I desire to have it understood that the ap aratus shown is onlyillustrative and that t e invention may be carried out by other means.

hat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent in the UnitedStates is 1. The combination with a pipe of a pressure difl'erencecreating device therein comprising a plurality of individual pressuredifference creating devices of the orifice type spaced approximatelyfive pipe diameters apart.

2. The combination with a pipe through which a fluid to be meteredflows, of a plurality of pressure difference creating devices of theorifice type in the conduit, said devices being spaced in theneighborhood of five ipe diameters apart, and leading and trailingpressure pipes connected to the first named pipe in advance of the firstpressure difierence creating device and beyond the last pressuredifl'erence creating device.

3. The combination with a ipe through which a fluid to be metered 'ows,of two flow nozzles in the pipe arranged in series, the second flownozzle being located in the neighborhood of five diameters from thefirst flow nozzle.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 7th day ofNovember, 1924.

CHARLES F. BULLOCK.

nozzle 6 as is indicated at 8 and the trailing pressure pipe beyond flownozzle 7 as is indicated at 9. As is well understood, the two pipes 8and 9 lead to the indicating instrument of the flow meter, whichinstrument is shown diagrammatically at 10. It may be of any suitablestructure. I may. of course. use more than two fiow nozzles in series iffound desirable. as is obvious.

By locating the second flow nozzle in the region of the straight portionf of line A, that is, in the neighborhood of five pipe diameters downstream from the first flow nozzle, I obtain an important advantage froma practical standpoint in that I have a region of constant pressure thelocation of which can be readily found and which is of a lengthsuflicient to enable the flow nozzle to be readily located. As a result,the structure having been initially calibrated and its constantdetermined, can be installed and operated without special calibration.This, of course, is very important from a ractical standpoint, forotherwise it would e necessary to calibrate each flow meter afterinstallation.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have shown my invention in connection with an orificeof the plain disk t pe, 11 being the conduit through which the aid to bemetered flows, 12 and 13 being the two orifices corresponding toorifices 6 and 7 of Fi 1, and 14 and 15 bein the leading an trailingpipe connections.

In Fi s. 4, lines C and D are lines corresponding to the lines A and Bin Fig. 2 and, as will be seen from an inspection'of the drawing, line Chas a straight portion h corresponding to the straight portion f in Fig.2 at which the orifice 12 is located.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I havedescribed the principle of operation of my invention, together withapparatus which I new consider to represent the best embodiment thereof,but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is onlyillustrative and that the invention may be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent in the UnitedStates is P- 1. The combination with a pipe of a pressure differencecreating device therein comprising a plurality of individual pressuredifference creating devices of the orifice type spaced approximatelyfive pipe diameters apart.

2. The combination with a pipe through which a fiuid to be meteredflows, of a plurality of pressure difference creating devices of theorifice type in the conduit, said devices being spaced in theneighborhood of five pipe diameters apart, and leading and trai ingpressure pipes connected to the first named pipe in advance of the firstpressure difl'erence creating device and beyond the last pressuredifference creating device.

3. The combination with a pipe through which a fluid to be meteredflows, of two flow nozzles in the pipe arranged in series, the secondflow nozzle being located in the neighborhood of five diameters from thefirst flow nozzle.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 7th day ofNovember, 1924.

CHARLES F. BULLOCK.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1559.156. grantedOctober 27.

19:25. upon the application of (harles l",

Bullock. of Schenectady. New York. for

an improvement in Orifice-Type Pressure-Ditlcrence-(roating Devices forFlow hlcters." errors appealn the printed specification requiringcorrection as follows: I age Q hne do, ior l lgs. read Fry/ same page.line 72. claim 3. after the word tire insert the word pipe; and that thesaid Letters Patent should he read .with these corrections therein thatthe same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 8th day of December, A, D. 1925.

[sun] lVM. A. KINNAN. Acting Commissioner of Patents.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby (-erfifi ed that in Lettem Patent No. 1j59.156, gmntedOctober 27. 1925. upon the application of (harles l", Bullock. ofSchenectady. New York. for an improvement in ()rifice'lypePressllrH-DlifOl'PflCQ-(l'fifitiflg Devices for Flow Meters." errorsappear in the printed spvrificntion requiring correction as follows:Page 2. line 35, for Figs. wad Fir same page, line 72. claim 3, afterthe word lire insert @116 word pipe; and that the mid Letters Patentshould he read .with lllPSP corrections therein that the same mayconform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 8th day of December, A, D. 1925.

[SEAL] WM. A. KINNAN,

A ctz'ng Commissioner of Patents.

